The sudden transition from supercritical to subcritical flow, known as hydraulic jump, is a phenomenon that, although being studied along decades, still presents aspects lab report better quantification. Pdf characteristics, such as the length of the roller or the hydraulic itselfstill have no jump formulation for designers of hydraulic structures University of Greenwich School of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering CIVIM01 Hydraulics BEng / MEng Laboratory Report DETERMINATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF A HYRAULIC JUMP WITHIN AN OPEN CHANNEL AND APPRECIATE EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS Group 2 Friday 8th February – Written by; Ihor Estimated Reading Time: 17 mins weirs and flumes, hydraulic jump and the determination of hydraulic mean depth can also be carried out. Flow channel: Flow channel is designed to allow a series of experiments on water flow through a rectangular channel to be conducted. The channel is of rectangular cross section mm high x 55mm wide and mm long
Sluice Gate and Hydraulic Jump Lab Report | PDF | Hydraulic Engineering | Mechanical Engineering
edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. To browse Academia. edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
Log In with Facebook Log In with Google Sign Up with Apple. Remember me on this computer. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Hydraulic Jump. Baris Evran. Download PDF Download Full PDF Package This paper.
A short summary of this paper. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. Translate PDF. At the lower end of the channel, another sluice gate was placed to form a barrier which forced the flow of water in front of it to pile up. This was done to create a subcritical flow just before the sluice at the lower end of the channel.
The transition from the supercritical flow to the subcritical flow created the phenomenon called the hydraulic jump, which was formed in between of the two flow regimes.
Also, to appreciate the relationship between the experimental results and the theoretical analysis based on the application of continuity and momentum principles. The transition from the supercritical flow to the subcritical flow creates the phenomenon called the hydraulic jump, and in hydraulic jump lab report pdf to observe this phenomenon, we needed to create these two flows.
The hydraulic jump lab report pdf of hydraulic jump is governed by the flow continuity and the momentum equation. From the theory we know that a hydraulic jump has the ability hydraulic jump lab report pdf dissipate large quantities of energy. This means that it could have a high number of applications in the modern world.
Also, because the energy dissipation is high and the head loss is unknown, we cannot use the energy equation when dealing with a hydraulic jump. Therefore, we will need to use different equations in this experiment.
The numbers represent the locations of the measurements, 1 being in the hydraulic jump lab report pdf end of the channel, and 2 being hydraulic jump lab report pdf the lower end of the channel, hydraulic jump lab report pdf. The friction between the sides of the channel can be ignored as it is negligible due to glass being fairly smooth.
However, the hydrostatic forces will need to be accounted for in our calculations. Therefore a simplified momentum equation will look like this: 0. Make sure that the height of the water behind the sluice gate is higher than the height of the gap under it. Also, record the height of water just after the upper channel sluice gate, in the middle of the channel and just before the lower sluice gate.
The flow rates that we chose ranged between 30 and 70 litres per minute. We decided to use the gate opening in the upper end of the channel at 10mm, 15mm and 20mm of height. Safety footwear has to be worn throughout working in the lab.
Make sure your work space is clear to minimise the risk of trips and falls and minimise the use of electrical equipment around the experiment as we are using water. We must obey the Technicians' laboratory rules. No eating, drinking or jokes allowed. Then we inputted those results into an excel spreadsheet which formulated tables of results and graphs to represent the data. To ensure that the calculations carried out in excel were accurate we calculated the results by hand to ensure maximum accuracy in our calculations.
Figure 2, hydraulic jump lab report pdf. The first graph Figure 2. The second graph figure 2. We usually conduct experiments in a laboratory environment to minimise the factors that cause errors. In this experiment human errors that could have occurred include the incorrect booking of results. This is a common error within laboratory experiments. The person reading the values off the scale may have read the values incorrectly and therefore cause an error within our collected results.
To minimise these errors we used two people reading the values of the scale and instruments to ensure that one person could not mis-read a value and we had two people booking the results, so if one person conducted an error the other person should have the correct readings. We also compared our results against other groups to hydraulic jump lab report pdf our results are in the same ball park. We could have picked up an error if the scale was incorrectly attached to the flume and therefore showing an inaccurate reading of the height of the water.
As the flume is rather narrow the water draws up the sides and this causes a meniscus. The flow after it had undertaken the hydraulic jump was turbulent this meant the true height of the water running through the channel was under interpretation by the person who was reading off the scale. To make our results more hydraulic jump lab report pdf we had two people checking the height of the flow so we could compare answers and take an average value.
As the equipment was new we would assume the scale had been recently calibrated and therefore should be accurate. In the experiment we did these calculation in our head to ensure the experiment was done within our time slot, hydraulic jump lab report pdf. If it has been a long time since the flow metre has been calibrated then it may be slightly inaccurate causing inaccurate results. This would cause a discrepancy in the comparison between experimental and theoretical results.
As the flow meter was in fact a digital flow meter this means any minute change of flow would not be noticed this because the digital meter takes immediate readings and therefore the change would not be noticed, however if an analogue flow meter had been used then the change of flow could be noticed more easily.
The baffle is there to absorb the energy from the flow exiting pipe so that we obtain smooth flow in the channel. This would mean the effect of the foam baffle would be reduced therefore causing some error within our results. In the practical conditions energy is lost dues to eddies and turbulent flow which means the actual water depth is lower than the theoretical calculations. The trend line in figure 2. If we look at figure 2.
Although the discrepancies do not appear to follow some kind of hydraulic jump lab report pdf, they are scattered above and below the trend line. We have a similar trend in figure 2. These could be a sign of an error we have in hydraulic jump lab report pdf recorded results. The loss of head creates a large amount of energy within a mass of water and this can cause damage around the dam or weir hydraulic jump lab report pdf it some cases further downstream.
The velocity of the water can erode river banks and structures such as bridges further downstream. The hydraulic jump is an ideal way of dissipating the energy build up and therefore stopping the destruction of the local environment, hydraulic jump lab report pdf.
Figure 3, hydraulic jump lab report pdf. This was useful when canals were first introduced as it was hard to find steam engines big enough to pump enough water. A similar idea can also be used for irrigation of fields.
The figures below how various techniques to control and measure the flow using the hydraulic jump. It is commonly used in white water parks to create a nice play spot this can create hours of fun for white water kayakers.
The factor of safety is increased by increasing the depth water on top of the apron this in turn Increases the weight on apron of a retaining structure. pdf Figure 3. htm Figure 3. Related Papers hydrualics two manuale. pdf By Ayalkie Belete. Hydraulics Lab Manual By Engr. Muhammad Waqas Akram. The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: An Introduction Basic principles, sediment motion, hydraulic modelling, design of hydraulic structures Second Edition By Animesh Khadka.
Osman Akan, Open Channel Hydraulics, By Murtatha Jappar. Characteristics of Submerged Flow Below Gate With Sill in Non-Prismatic Channels Associate Professors, hydraulic jump lab report pdf, 3 By Abdelazim Negm. Download pdf. About Press Blog People Papers Job Board We're Hiring! Help Center Find new research papers in: Physics Chemistry Biology Health Sciences Ecology Earth Sciences Cognitive Science Mathematics Computer Science Terms Privacy Copyright Academia ©
Water Resources-Find Depth After Hydraulic Jump
, time: 3:31Hydraulic jump lab report pdf - blogger.com
The sudden transition from supercritical to subcritical flow, known as hydraulic jump, is a phenomenon that, although being studied along decades, still presents aspects lab report better quantification. Pdf characteristics, such as the length of the roller or the hydraulic itselfstill have no jump formulation for designers of hydraulic structures weirs and flumes, hydraulic jump and the determination of hydraulic mean depth can also be carried out. Flow channel: Flow channel is designed to allow a series of experiments on water flow through a rectangular channel to be conducted. The channel is of rectangular cross section mm high x 55mm wide and mm long Hydraulic jump lab report pdf - Reputable Writing Aid From Top Writers Catalogs of our company's products and technical data are posted in PDF format. Find out jump about how you can reduce design time, improve accuracy and increase efficiency by leveraging the power of Component Based Finite Element Analysis
No comments:
Post a Comment